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Python - Django

Installation​

Créer un environnement avec conda:

conda create --name django

Puis l'activer:

conda activate django

Et installer django

conda install django

Création du projet Django​

Imaginons un projet avec des sujets de bac, donc le nom estbac_subjets

django-admin startproject bac_subjects
cd bac_subjects
python manage.py startapp subjects

Configuration du projet​

Ajoutez 'subjects' à INSTALLED_APPS dans bac_subjects/settings.py.

...

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    "django.contrib.admin",
    "django.contrib.auth",
    "django.contrib.contenttypes",
    "django.contrib.sessions",
    "django.contrib.messages",
    "django.contrib.staticfiles",
    "subjects",
]

...

Création des modèles​

Dans subjects/models.py :

from django.db import models

class Theme(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

class Subject(models.Model):
    year = models.IntegerField()
    name = models.CharField(max_length=200)  # e.g. "Métropole 2021 Jour 1"
    code = models.CharField(max_length=50)   # e.g. "23-NSIJ1G11"
    pdf_file = models.FileField(upload_to='pdfs/')

    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.year} - {self.name}"

class Exercise(models.Model):
    subject = models.ForeignKey(Subject, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    number = models.IntegerField()
    theme = models.ForeignKey(Theme, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, null=True)
    latex_content = models.TextField()

    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.subject.code} - Exercice {self.number}"

Configuration de l'administration​

Dans subjects/admin.py :

from django.contrib import admin
from .models import Theme, Subject, Exercise

@admin.register(Theme)
class ThemeAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ('name',)

@admin.register(Subject)
class SubjectAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ('year', 'name', 'code')
    list_filter = ('year',)
    search_fields = ('name', 'code')

@admin.register(Exercise)
class ExerciseAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ('subject', 'number', 'theme')
    list_filter = ('subject__year', 'theme')
    search_fields = ('subject__name', 'subject__code')

Création et application des migrations​

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

Création d'un superutilisateur​

python manage.py createsuperuser

Lancement du serveur de développement​

python manage.py runserver